Although there have been infinite varieties of life forms that have evolved on Earth in the last 4 billion years, two life forms that are our male and female ancestors evolved a billion years ago. Here’s how this first sexual experience occurred according to cosmologist Dr. Brian Swimme and historian Dr. Thomas Berry in their book, The Universe Story.
The first male organism—they call him Tristan—and the first female organism—they call her Iseult—began life in the ancient oceans. Swimme and Berry describe their chance encounter this way:
“They were cast into the marine adventure, with its traumas of starvation and of predation. Able to nourish themselves but no longer capable of dividing into daughter cells, such primal living beings made their way through life until an almost certain death ended their 3-billion-year lineage.
A slight, an ever so slight, chance existed that a Tristan cell would come upon a corresponding Iseult cell.They would brush against each other, a contact similar to so many trillions of other encounters in their oceanic adventure. But with this one, something new would awaken. Something unsuspected and powerful and intelligent, as if they had drunk a magical elixir, would enter the flow of electricity through each organism.
Suddenly the very chemistry of their cell membranes would begin to change. Interactions evoked by newly functioning segments of her DNA would restructure the molecular web of Iseult’s skin, so that an act she had never experienced or planned for would begin to take place—Tristan entering her cell wholly.”
Of course no humans were there to record this original encounter, but we all have origin stories and this one resonates with me. Dates are never exact and change as more information is gathered. Here are some additional dates I found important in The Universe Story timeline:
- 12 billion years ago, the universe begins.
- 4 billion years ago life first emerges.
- 1 billion years ago sexual reproduction evolves.
- 216 million years ago the first mammals appear.
- 30 million years ago the first apes inhabit the earth.
- 2.6 million years ago the first humans appeared.
- 200,000 years ago Archaic Homo sapiens evolved.
- 10,600 years ago first settlements in the Middle East emerged and wheat and barley were cultivated.
Needless to say, we have a long evolutionary history to embrace. In their book, Solving Modern Problems with a Stone-Age Brain, Douglas T. Kenrick, PhD and David E. Lundberg-Kenrick describe seven evolutionary challenges we must all face and embrace. They offer a visual summary as a revision of Maslow’s original Hierarchy of Human Needs which they call The New Pyramid of Human Motives:
The Seven Challenges for a Successful Life
During the billion years of life, all organisms must embrace these challenges and they are particularly relevant beginning with our mammalian history. In their book, the Kenricks ask, “What are the fundamental problems of human existence?” They go on to share the results of their research.
“Together with a large team of researchers at more than 30 universities on five continents, we have been investigating the universal motivations faced by human beings around the globe.”
Here is a summary of their findings:
- Survive.
We must meet our basic physiological needs for shelter from the elements,
water, and food.
- Protect yourself from attackers and plunderers.
Given the scarcity of resources and the ever-present possibility of starvation, there has always been competition among different groups (most often the male members) for precious real estate and resources (including access to females).
- Make and keep friends.
As the Kenricks remind us. “Our ancestors were not rugged individualists.
They need to band together not only to protect themselves from bands of
marauding bad guys but also to accomplish most of the tasks of everyday life.”
- Get some respect.
Some people have always been more resourceful and clever than others and
some were more willing to bravely defend their groups against armed marauders.
Those resourceful and courageous individuals won higher status and gained
greater respect.
- Find a mate.
“From the perspective of evolution by natural selection,” say the Kenricks, “this
step is essential. Every one of our ancestors managed to attract at least one
person who wanted to make with them. Not everybody in the ancient world got
to reproduce, though, and a reasonable percentage of men went unmated.” This
fact, is of major importance when understanding male desires, fears, and
behavior.
- Hang on to that mate.
From an evolutionary perspective, we not only have to find a mate who will have
sex with us, but we need to hold on to our mate long enough to have a child and
raise the child to maturity, so they can find a mate and continue the process.
- Care for your family members.
Unlike other animals, human males are much more involved with raising children, since human children require long-term care before they reach reproductive age.
Males and Females Are Alike and Also Different
Males and females are alike in that they must both successfully meet the seven challenges noted above. However, there are also significant evolutionary differences. These differences first came home to me when I first met psychologist David M. Buss and read his book, The Evolution of Desire: Strategies of Human Mating.
“If mating desires and other features of human psychology are products of our evolutionary history,” says Dr. Buss, “they should be found universally, not just in the United States.”
To test his theories, he conducted a five-year study working with collaborators from thirty-seven cultures located on six continents and five islands. All major racial groups, religious groups, and ethnic groups were represented. In all, his research team surveyed 10,047 persons world-wide.
Dr. Buss concluded that there are actually two human natures, one male, the other female. What do women really want? Buss found that the top three qualities that women look for in men are exactly the same as those things that men look for in women: Intelligence, kindness, and love. Then, what women want diverges from what men want.
“Women then look at a man’s ability to protect her and her children, his capacity to provide, and his willingness to make commitment to a relationship,” says Buss.
What do men really want?
“A man is drawn to youth and beauty,”
says Buss.
“This interest is not just a modern desire driven by advertising and male desire to control women [though advertisers take advantage of our evolutionary-driven desires]. It is a universal desire based on evolutionary pressures for reproductive success. Men who mated with women who were incapable of bearing children left no ancestors. Every man alive today is descended from men who did not make that mistake. Worldwide, men are drawn to younger women.”
Note: Just because we have these evolutionary-based desires does not mean we must act on them, that they are good for us, or will make us, or the partners we desire, happy. It also does not mean they are hard-wired into our biological makeup and can’t be changed. It does mean that we must take seriously our evolutionary-based desires and listen to the ancient “whisperings within” that pull us in certain directions.
The Hazards and Blessings of Gender-Specific Health
The ancient Roman philosopher, Virgil offers a simple truth to consider.
“The greatest wealth is health.”
A modern American medical doctor, Marianne J. Legato, M.D., world-renowned cardiologist and founder of The Foundation For Gender-Specific Medicine, says,
“The premature death of men is the most important—and neglected—health issue of our time.”
Although human males, as a group, occupy more positions of power in government and business than women, it has come at a price. This was first brought home to me by psychologist Herb Goldberg, in his book 1976, The Hazards of Being Male.
“The male has paid a heavy price for his masculine ‘privilege’ and power. He is out of touch with his emotions and his body. He is playing by the rules of the male game plan and with lemming-like purpose he is destroying himself—emotionally, psychologically and physically.”
In recent years we have learned a lot more about the realities of being male.
“If it’s true that men rule the world, it comes at a heavy cost,”
says Dr. Legato.
“From conception until death, men are inherently more fragile and vulnerable than women. In virtually every society today, men die first.”
Dr. Legato offers the following facts of life:
- The male fetus is less likely to survive the womb than the female.
- Boys are six weeks behind in developmental maturity at birth compared to girls.
- Men have four times the developmental disabilities of females.
- Men suffer more severely than women from seven of the ten most common infections that human experience [Including Covid-19].
- Men are likely to experience the first ravages of coronary artery disease in their mid-thirties, a full 15 or 20 years before women.
- Twice as many men die of heart disease, the leading cause of all deaths, than do women.
- Men die by suicide 4 times more than women.
- Murder and homicide are among the top four killers of men from the time they are born until heart disease and cancers begin to claim those who survive into middle age.
Accepting the realities of our own inherent weakness and vulnerabilities instead of trying to pretend we are masters of the universe is the first step we just take to begin our own healing and recovery.
I have been writing a series of articles on the Future of Men’s Mental Health. In Part 3, “Gender-Specific Healing and Man Therapy,” I explore my own healing journey and issues that address the unique problems faced by men and how the emerging field of Gender-Specific Healing and Men’s Health is a key to the future of health care. If you’d like more information about upcoming trainings, drop me an email to Jed@MenAlive.com and put “Gender-Specific Health Training” in the subject line.
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